全国政协委员聂竹青发声:关爱老人从加装电梯开始丨两会连线
全国政协委员、深圳市鹏信资产评估土地房地产估价有限公司董事长聂竹青
对于需要轮椅和拐杖出行的老年人而言,没有电梯意味着基本告别户外生活,成为“悬空老人”。
中房报记者 曾冬梅丨两会报道
3月3日,全国政协委员、深圳市鹏信资产评估土地房地产估价有限公司董事长聂竹青向中国房地产报记者透露,今年全国两会,他将提交《关于全国系统性解决老旧小区安装电梯及提升老旧电梯安全的提案》。
聂竹青表示,目前,我国约有三分之二的老年人居住在建成时间超过20年的老旧住宅中,大部分老旧住宅没有安装电梯。关爱孤寡老人,关注老旧小区,应该从老旧小区加装电梯开始。
聂竹青说,交通既是大动脉也是生命线,而电梯是一种垂直运输交通工具,为老旧小区加装电梯,如同在堵塞的动脉中注入新鲜血液,在衰败的生命里注入青春活力。“随着老年人年纪越来越大,骨质疏松等老年病让他们迈不动脚步,上下楼梯非常费力,还面临楼梯上摔倒的风险。对于需要轮椅和拐杖出行的老年人而言,没有电梯意味着基本告别户外生活,成为‘悬空老人’。因此老旧小区安装电梯成为越来越迫切的问题。”
聂竹青表示,2000年前建成的老旧小区约22万个,涉及居民上亿人。这些老旧小区是城市发展的印迹,具有历史的独特美感,但是基础设施相对落后,甚至没有电梯这种基本配置,给居民的出行带来很多不便。
在聂竹青看来,老旧小区安装电梯和更换维修电梯存在三大难点:
一是老旧小区安装电梯可能存在乱搭乱建的法律问题。
老旧小区原本没有安装电梯的规划设计,甚至没有安装电梯的预留空间,需要对楼房进行改装或加装相关设备。可能会因此违反相关建筑条例,从而沦为乱搭乱建的违法违章建筑。
二是老旧小区安装电梯和维修电梯的资金问题。
老旧小区的居民以中老年人为主要人群,由于年事已高丧失劳动能力,收入比较微薄。安装电梯和更换维修电梯需要一笔不小的费用,对于小区居民负担不小,可能因出资问题带来邻里纠纷。
三是老旧小区安装电梯的后续维护问题。
安装电梯并非一劳永逸,电梯对安全系数要求很高,而电梯又易出现钢索磨损、零件损耗等问题,需定期维护以确保安全。很多老旧小区没有物业公司,很难为电梯维修保养,出现电梯故障或者安全事故难以解决。
聂竹青认为,可以从顶层设计系统性解决老旧小区加装电梯及提升电梯安全。
他建议:
做好顶层设计
出台法律法规和国家标准
在城市更新规划中把老旧小区加装电梯纳入重点项目工程,做好系统性完成老旧小区安装电梯的工作。出台法律法规明确老旧小区安装电梯的合法地位,只要满足《民法典》规定条件,同时确保加装施工不会对房屋主体结构安全造成危害,相关部门就应该同意审批。同时要做好关于电梯的一揽子制度机制建设,包括制定生产电梯的国家标准、电梯招标采购办法、保养维护制度、报废更新流程等等,确保老旧小区加装电梯的各个环节都符合相关的国家标准和法律程序。
多方筹措资金作为老旧小区
安装电梯和维修电梯经费
根据老旧小区产权的不同属性,小区居民、企业、单位和地方财政各方共同出资,邀请各方代表协商,根据小区的具体情况约定出资比例,组成加装电梯和更换维修电梯的资金。安装电梯由相关部门在一定区域内组织统一招标,降低购买和安装电梯的成本。加装电梯的老旧小区,可预留一部分资金作为维修费用。
出台保障老旧小区电梯安全的法律法规
修订关于保障电梯安全问题的法律法规和管理条例,厘清电梯生产制造商、安装施工方、维护保养方、物业管理方、日常使用方的法律责任归属。明确电梯的安全责任、管理责任、维修责任、使用责任等,建立健全以保障电梯安全为中心的责任链条。一旦出现安全事故、质量问题、运行故障等情况,相应的责任方应该承担法律赔偿责任。
做好老旧小区电梯的后期维护工作
政府部门要出台相关政策保障老旧小区的电梯维修保养,加强质量安全管理,建立运营维护管理机制,确保电梯的安全性,避免出现意外事故。对于没有配备物业公司的老旧小区,政府应该鼓励居民聘请物业公司,或者由居委会、社区等基层部门组织聘请电梯维修人员,做好电梯的后期维护工作。
值班编委:苏志勇
责任编辑:何可信 刘亚
审读:戴士潮
中国房地产报版权所有
未经授权不得转载以及任何形式使用
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